Over the course of the trial, Apple — a company infamous for its corporate culture of secrecy and well-guarded product-development process — was forced to lay bare many internal details that until now have never seen the light of day.

For Apple enthusiasts and those curious about what happens behind Apple’s closed doors, it’s an information goldmine. Here are the five most interesting thing we took away from Week One:

Eddy Cue Liked the Idea of a Seven-Inch iPad
No one was a bigger public naysayer of Apple producing a smaller version of its iPad than Apple’s former CEO, Steve Jobs. He famously railed against the idea on a conference call in 2010: “It’s because we think the screen is too small to express the software,” Jobs said.

Yet, on Friday, an unearthed internal Apple email revealed a doozy: Even some of Apple’s top brass, like Senior Vice President of Internet and Software Services Eddy Cue, thought it was an area ripe for Apple’s taking.

“I believe there will be a 7-inch market and we should do one,” Cue wrote, going on to state that the now deceased Jobs even “seemed very receptive” after Cue mentioned it to Jobs several times.

Project Purple, or How the iPhone Came To Be
When Jobs charged SVP Scott Forstall with the task of creating the first iPhone in 2004, it was a gargantuan task, only made more difficult by the level of secrecy imposed on Forstall and his team. Jobs gave Forstall carte blanche to recruit any member of Apple’s engineering staff for Project Purple, as it was known. However, Forstall could tell them virtually nothing about the project, save for the fact that they’d be giving up nights and weekends for the next few years.

The team secured one of Apple’s buildings, and took over an entire floor. Forstall’s team got high-level badge access, though getting through to the project area sometimes required passing through five or six sets of locked doors.

Apple Designs Its Products at a Kitchen Table

Apple’s dream team of designers isn’t large. In fact, the company’s entire product portfolio stems from a group of 15 or 16 people, according to veteran Apple industrial designer Chris Stringer, all of whom convene around a kitchen table to discuss the exhaustive, laborious design process behind each Apple device.

“We’ll sit there with our sketch books and trade ideas,” Stringer testified. “That’s where the really hard, brutal, honest criticism comes in.”

Even Steve Jobs Doubted the iPhone at Times

As ubiquitous and popular as the iPhone is today, throughout the three-year process of designing, testing and building the phone, even Steve Jobs had doubts it would ever see the light of day.

“Smartphones existed, but they were more like little computers,” designer Stringer testified. “We were doing something unprecedented.”

Apple’s Insane Marketing Budget for the iPhone and iPad
When SVP of Marketing Phil Schiller took the stand, the exec shed light on the long road filled with doubt that it took to produce the iPhone and the iPad. But when those in the company realized they had nailed it, Apple put its all into pushing the products, with hundreds of millions in ad spending.

From the period where the first iPhone was released in 2007 until the end of fiscal year 2011, Apple spent more than $1.1 billion on marketing its iPhone and iPad devices worldwide. It seemed like a gamble. But with the two devices being the company’s fastest-selling products ever, it certainly looks to have worked out well for Apple.

Check out the list of links below to see all the other noteworthy moments that went down. And, of course, stay with us as we continue covering the trial on-site from San Jose this week.

Apple versus Samsung Full Coverage

Morgan Stanley recently surveyed 50 enterprise CIOs about current and future tablet deployments and came back with some pretty astonishing findings: 21 percent of them are already purchasing tablets for employees and 51 percent expect to begin doing so in the coming year. In total, 67 percent of the CIOs surveyed said they’re either planning to deploy tablets or provide support for employee-owned ones this year. Now the scope of these deployments remains to be seen, but the fact that so many are being budgeted suggests the tablet is gaining meaningful traction in enterprise.

And if you’re dubious of that claim, consider this: Pads accounted for 29 percent of new enterprise activations of Good Technology software in December 2010, up from 25 percent the month prior. Clearly, there’s growing corporate interest in the tablet, which means there are growing opportunities for companies that provide enterprise software solutions for it–mobile security vendors like Check Point, desktop virtualization companies like VMware and cloud-based applications outfits like Salesforce.com.

Zynga hosted a press conference this morning to announce that it has acquired Texas-based Newtoy, a two-year-old mobile games company to help expand its games onto all mobile devices.

Terms of the deal, which marks the company’s seventh acquisition in seven months, were not disclosed.

David Ko, Zynga’s new head of mobile and former Yahoo executive, said Newtoy has been successful with such hits as “Words with Friends” and “Chess with Friends.”

The Newtoy offices will become “Zynga with Friends Studio,” and will be headed by the two founding brothers, Paul and David Bettner.

Ko: “Mobile is the next great frontier for social gaming. In only five months, Farmville has been downloaded seven million times, and we have more than 10 million people a month accessing Zynga games on a mobile phone. Our goal is to have Zynga games available to anyone anywhere, on any device.”

Newtoy’s hit title “Words with Friends” has been downloaded 12 million time across iPhone, iPod and iPad.

While the acquisition is being announced today, the two companies have been working together for some time under the code name Jet Pack. One of the two brothers said during the call that the name represented how the two will “move even faster toward our shared goal of connecting the world with shared games.”

Newtoy does not generate revenue today like Zynga, which relies on selling virtual goods. Rather, it’s focused on experimenting with paid and ad-supported models.

Pixels are bits of software that tracking companies install on Web pages to monitor user behavior. These pixels, also known as “beacons” and “tags,” can install cookies–or small tracking files–on a user’s machine, or they can simply send information about a user’s behavior to a tracking company.

However, tracking has become so pervasive that some Web publishers are increasingly worried that the pixels on their pages are slowing down the performance of their site. Several companies have cropped up to help companies manage all the pixels on their pages.

Akamai’s solution to the pixel problem is unique. Akamai’s core business is to store copies of popular websites and applications on its computer servers around the world and speed delivery of this information.

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Hola Sofia Vergara!

In an interesting brand extension, the popular celebrity and entertainment site Wonderwall has launched a version aimed at the U.S. Hispanic market called Wonderwall Latino.

The main Wonderwall site, which is a partnership between Hollywood production company BermanBraun and Microsoft’s MSN portal that launched in early 2009, now has 11.3 million unique users and 337 million page views a month.

That site is getting a design overhaul, with new features including voting buttons, a dedicated video page and a buzz stream with breaking news and tweets, as well as apps for the Apple iPhone and IPod Touch.

According to an MSN blog on the Wonderwall extension, “BermanBraun will spearhead the design, programming, and operations of the digital brand. MSN will provide unique content and lead the advertising efforts in partnership with Microsoft and BermanBraun.”

BermanBraun also recently debuted a political site called BLTWY with MSNBC.com.

“We have to let go of the notion that for Apple to win, Microsoft needs to lose.”

— Apple CEO Steve Jobs, August 1997

And there it is. Today Apple, not Microsoft is the world’s most valuable technology company.

As I write this Apple (AAPL) shares are trading at $244.87, giving it a market capitalization of $223.1 billion. Meanwhile, shares of Microsoft (MSFT) are trading at $24.79 and the company’s market cap sits at $217.78 billion (see table below; click to enlarge).

And so Cupertino has finally surpassed Redmond in total value. The only American company with a market cap greater than Apple is Exxon Mobil (XOM).

UPDATE: Apple closed the day well ahead of Microsoft. Its market cap: $222.07 billion; Microsoft’s: $219.18 billion.

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• Dueling Market Caps: Apple and Microsoft

Who wants to bet on a Web company with lots of users but very little revenue? The same people who bet on it before. Spark Capital and Union Square Ventures have poured another $5 million into Tumblr, which lets people quickly and easily set up lightweight blogs.

Three-year-old Tumblr doesn’t charge its 4.5 million users for the service. It doesn’t sell advertising on the page views they generate. And it is only now beginning to generate “meaningful” revenue, says founder David Karp. (That’s Karp, flanked by two employees, engaged in some kind of new-fangled xtreme sport, on the cover of this week’s New York Magazine)

But this hasn’t dissuaded Spark and Union Square, the sole investors in the company’s C round, as well as its B round in 2008.* The company has raised $10.2 million to date.

So now what?

Karp, who turns 24 this summer, says his company has “carved out a real and substantial niche” in the last year, and he brandishes numbers to bolster his case. The service, for instance, is now generating one billion page views a month. Here’s a chart! (Click to enlarge.)

But until recently, Tumblr’s growing popularity hasn’t done much beyond racking up big infrastructure bills. Now Karp says the company is changing this by rolling out a series of paid services.

The Los Angeles Times has a nice summary of new services, and Karp says there are a “dozen more in the pipeline.” But the short version is that these are primarily bells and whistles–like digital “stickers” you buy for your friends at a buck a pop–that passionate Tumblr users may like, but don’t need.

This is a switch from the company’s earlier plan to bundle lots of must-have features into a “Tumblr Plus” subscription service aimed at its most passionate users.

The new strategy is a little more seat-of-the pants, but the bet is that it may be easier to coax money out of people a couple dollars at a time.

Not coincidentally, this is the same model that’s working out very well for social gaming companies like Zynga, which is also funded by Union Square Ventures (and to a lesser degree OMGPOP, which is backed by Spark).

Zynga is reportedly profitable, and many have it pegged for an IPO in the near future. I don’t see that in Tumblr’s cards, but if Karp and crew were interested, I can see them attracting interest from the likes of Google (GOOG) and Yahoo (YHOO) sooner than later.

Maybe sooner in Yahoo’s case, if it can’t snap up another company whose CEO also graces New York Magazine’s cover this week.

*“Inside rounds” like these are supposed to be no-nos in the VC world because existing investors traditionally want to find new money to validate their wagers. For the counterargument, consult Tumblr investor Bijan Sabet’s blog (hosted by Tumblr, of course).